What is Dysphagia?
Dysphagia is a medical term for difficulty swallowing, which can affect how food and liquids move safely through the body, as explained by Mayo Clinic. It can affect the ability to safely move food, liquids, or saliva from the mouth to the stomach, increasing the risk of choking, malnutrition, or aspiration (food entering the airway).
Why Dysphagia Is More Common in Older Adults
As we age, natural changes in the body can affect how we swallow. These changes are often gradual, which is why dysphagia can go unnoticed until it worsens. Swallowing difficulties become more common with age due to changes in muscle strength and coordination, with research from the National Institute on Aging highlighting how these changes can impact daily eating and safety.
Age-related muscle changes
- Weakened throat and tongue muscles
- Slower swallowing reflex
- Reduced coordination during swallowing
Medical conditions
- Stroke or neurological disorders
- Parkinson’s disease or dementia
- Head and neck cancers
Medication side effects
- Dry mouth
- Reduced alertness
- Changes in muscle control
Signs and Symptoms of Dysphagia
Common signs to watch for
Recognising early signs can make a significant difference in preventing complications.
- Coughing or choking during meals
- Feeling like food is stuck in the throat
- Taking longer to eat or avoiding certain foods
- Unexplained weight loss
- Frequent chest infections or pneumonia
Causes of Dysphagia
Dysphagia can have different causes depending on which part of the swallowing process is affected.
It may be related to neurological conditions, structural changes, or muscle weakness. For example, a stroke can disrupt the brain’s ability to coordinate swallowing, while aging muscles may simply lose strength over time. In some cases, reflux or blockages in the esophagus can also contribute.
When Should You Seek Help?
If swallowing becomes difficult, uncomfortable, or unsafe, it’s important not to ignore it. Early assessment can prevent complications like choking or aspiration pneumonia.
You should seek help if symptoms are persistent, worsening, or interfering with eating and drinking. Even mild signs can benefit from professional screening.
How We Can Help at MET Phys
At MET Phys, our speech pathologists are trained to assess and manage swallowing difficulties in adults.
We provide:
- Comprehensive swallowing assessments
- Personalised therapy plans
- Practical strategies to improve safety and comfort during meals
- Support for both clients and caregivers
Our goal is to help you or your loved one eat with confidence again—safely and comfortably.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: Is dysphagia a normal part of aging?
A: While some changes in swallowing can occur with age, dysphagia is not considered a normal part of aging. It often indicates an underlying issue that should be assessed.
Q2: Can dysphagia be treated?
A: Yes, many cases of dysphagia can be improved with therapy, exercises, and dietary modifications guided by a speech pathologist.
Q3: What happens if dysphagia is left untreated?
A: Untreated dysphagia can lead to serious complications, including malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia.
Ready to Get Started?
If you or a loved one is experiencing difficulty swallowing, don’t wait for it to get worse. Early support can make all the difference.
Book a swallowing assessment with our team today and take the first step toward safer, more comfortable eating.
By Stefanie Bartetzko
Stefanie Bartetzko is a dedicated Speech Therapist with a strong passion for helping individuals regain communication and swallowing function, particularly following neurological events such as stroke. She holds a Bachelor of Psychological Science, along with both a Bachelor’s and Master’s degree in Speech Pathology, equipping her with a well-rounded understanding of human behaviour and communication.
Originally from Toowoomba, Stefanie moved to Brisbane in 2019 to complete her studies at Australian Catholic University, where she began building the foundation of her clinical career. She later relocated to Western Australia to further expand her experience and refine her skills across diverse clinical settings.
Stefanie has worked with clients of all ages and across a broad range of speech pathology areas, but her key interests lie in dysphagia management, stroke rehabilitation, and supporting individuals with receptive and expressive language difficulties. She is also a Certified Sounds-Write Practitioner, reflecting her commitment to evidence-based practice and ongoing professional development.
Outside of her clinical work, Stefanie enjoys a slower pace of life—spending time with her dog, Wally, and caring for her growing collection of cacti and succulents.
